This article presents an overview of Aristo’s identity as a philosopher and a scientist as well as his direct contribution to neurology, anatomy, physiology and his indirect effect on the developments in many other sciences including, astronomy and philology by founding the Library in Alexandria. The major contribution of this article is the discussion on the influence of Aristo’s philosophy on his explanations and claims in neurology, particularly his assertion that the heart as the seat of consciousness and sensations, not the brain as his philosopher predecessor Plato and the medical expert Hippocrates had argued.

Keywords: Aristoteles, alexanderia, herophilus, spirit, history of medicine, history of anatomy, history of neuroscience